Pulikat Lake - Tamilnadu

Nestled along the south-eastern coast of India, where the borders of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh converge, lies the enigmatic Pulikat Lake. This vast wetland ecosystem, spanning over 750 square kilometers, is a breathtaking fusion of natural wonders and cultural heritage. Pulikat Lake is a haven for biodiversity, serving as a crucial habitat for a wide variety of flora and fauna. The lake's shallow waters, salt marshes, and mudflats provide nourishment and shelter to an astonishing array of species. The lake is home to over 150 species of birds, including migratory waterfowl, seabirds, and shorebirds. Flamingos, painted storks, and pelicans are just a few of the avian wonders that grace the lake's shores. The lake also supports a rich population of fish, reptiles, amphibians, and mammals. Pulikat Lake has been an integral part of the cultural landscape of the region for centuries. The lake's shores were once home to a thriving fishing community known as the Pulikattiyar. These skilled fishermen utilized traditional methods to harvest the lake's abundant resources. Over time, the lake also became a center of salt production. The high salinity of the lake's water allowed for the formation of salt crystals, which were harvested and traded extensively. The salt industry played a significant role in the economic and cultural development of the area. Despite its ecological and cultural importance, Pulikat Lake faces growing threats from human activities. Uncontrolled development, pollution, and the destruction of natural habitats are all putting the lake's ecosystem at risk. The construction of a highway along the lake's southern boundary has disrupted natural water flows and altered the lake's salinity balance. Industrial and agricultural effluents have also contaminated the lake's waters, threatening the health of its resident species. Recognizing the importance of Pulikat Lake, the Indian government has designated it as a bird sanctuary and a Ramsar site of international importance. Conservation efforts are underway to protect the lake's ecosystem and its invaluable biodiversity. While it is essential to protect the ecological integrity of Pulikat Lake, it also has great potential for responsible tourism. Fishing, and boating are popular activities in Pulikat Lake that allow visitors to experience the lake's natural wonders firsthand. But one of the main attractions of Pulikat Lake is bird watching With thousands of migratory birds visiting every year between October and March, during this time, the lake attracts over 20,000 migratory birds for breeding purposes. Among these migrants, flamingos come in large numbers, covering the swampy region of the lake, giving it a pink color. Other birds, such as ducks, herons, cranes, painted storks, egrets, terns, waders, open-billed storks, grey pelicans, white ibis, little cormorants, and night herons, can also be spotted in Pulicat. The lake's shores are dotted with picturesque villages, where tourists can learn about the traditional way of life of the local communities. Visitors can also explore the ancient salt pans, which offer a glimpse into the region's cultural heritage. This lake is a unique and irreplaceable coastal gem that is home to an astounding array of biodiversity and cultural significance. While it faces threats from human activities, ongoing conservation efforts are crucial to ensuring the long-term survival of this remarkable ecosystem. Through responsible tourism and sustainable practices, we can protect Pulikat Lake for generations to come, ensuring that this natural and cultural treasure continues to inspire and enrich those who experience it.

History of Pulikat Lake

Pulikat Lake has had a rich history since the 16th century. During the rule of the Vijayanagar Empire, the lake was an important source of water for the nearby village of Tiruvallur. The lake is also a popular fishing spot with its abundance of fish. In the 19th century, the British East India Company took control of the lake and established a fishing facility for it that is still being practiced in the area. Later then, since many birds from various regions settle here for a certain period of time

Nearby sightseeing places

Sriharikota, Irukkam island.

Visiting time

6 AM – 6 PM

Boating charges

Rs. 400 per person

How to reach Pulikat Lake?

By air- Chennai airport is the nearest to reach Pulikat lake that covers about 70 km.
By train - Wimco Nagar Railway Station in Saidapet, Chennai is the nearest junction to reach Pulicat Lake
By road – Driving from Chennai is the easiest way to reach Pulicat Lake as it is located 54 km away from Chennai. National Highways - NH – 16